Adolescence and music Free Essays

Consider the melody verses gave beneath, the two verses and execution, searching for subjects or messages for teenagers or identifying with youthful turn of events. You ought to depict the music and utilize the verses to clarify what the verses impart to young people and about youths, including a contention for whether there are social, moral, and political messages passed on in the tune. At last, utilizing what you have found out about puberty, argue for what reason would this music request to youths Name: Course: Psychology 310, Fall 2006 Tutor: Date: University: Adolescence is a development and advancement stage in ones life where a bunch of changes both regarding mental and physical terms produce results. We will compose a custom paper test on Pre-adulthood and music or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now Anyway whether a youngster will effectively travel into grown-up hood or get caught by the difficulties of immaturity is molded by among others, family, the quality of the pre-adult, and the outer condition with which the juvenile interface, for example, strict settings, just as school (Steinberg, 1999)). This verse melody is made to research the progressions both social and enthusiastic that are experienced by teenagers. Character improvement in teenagers changes the way a juvenile perspectives his/her self and the way similar perspectives the outside world. The bunch of difficulties a pre-adult experiences shapes his/her relations with peers. The tune gave builds up specific subjects, which are for the most part integral to the life of any juvenile; a large portion of the topics spin around culture, and ethical quality. Sex. Youthfulness is a period described by the acknowledgment of ones sex and sexuality. In the tune this comes out when the verses notice sex regarding immaturity. It uncovers the way that young people are of sex and sex matters and this is all around showed in the expression that, â€Å"The timing/and structure/did you hear/he screwed her? † Relations with peers. Puberty is when teenagers rely upon their friends for pretty much every choice they make. They continually search for remarks and suggestions from individual young people whom they view as their rise to and have no dread for, dissimilar to their folks whom they consider too â€Å" antiquated to comprehend them†. In this verse melody, there is a line that, â€Å"I’ll go to a companion, somebody that understands†, that proves this. Status advances. Youthfulness is a short lived period and a great deal occurs simultaneously in the lives of young people (Arnett, 2004). In the tune, this comes up unmistakably when the high schooler in the tune compares and digs into the following phase of life, adulthood and even imagines a marriage life. Personality arrangement The numerous inquiries posed in the tune point to the way that the juvenile is finding their character in the general public. This is a typical characteristic in youths who will in general append an ethical meaning to each and every event to their life (Arnett, J. A. 2002). The verses continue tending to the issue of ethical quality by posing inquiries on whether either is good and bad. A model is found on the line, did you hear/he screwed her? Changing individual connections. Not at all like in youth when one can for all intents and purposes partner with any one, youngsters are exceptionally particular of whom they go into individual associations with. In the verses this is confirm by the way that the vocalist continues discussing the relationship and as it were, shielding and protecting it from seeing dangers. This is prove by the explanation that she will go to a companion who is understanding. Individuation process. This is confirm by the way that the vocalist wouldn't like to envision any one taking his/her companion. It appears he/she is set up to forces the companion alone and no where close to sharing the kinship. Shaping and dissolving personal connections. It is apparent that, from the assumptions in the melody, the artist is prepared to represent the deciding moment the relationship. This is normal for young people and it is confirm by the expression that, The act/it won’t last/I won’t return. Psycho social issues. As the melody advances, it becomes more clear that the juvenile has some psycho social issues which should be tended to. Puberty period is brimming with issues particularly enthusiastic and except if all around took care of, one can experience the ill effects of sadness. This can be prove by the expressions, â€Å"on losing/and failing†, and ‘we’ll imagine it’s okay’. Intellectual turn of events. There is away from of created conceptual speculation since all through the tune the pre-adult is drawing his/her inclination from theoretical investigation of circumstances and not from just perception. Proof can be drawn from the line that, â€Å"and your photos/are tumbling down. † Effects. There is expanded hesitance, which is the reason for the envisioned crowd obvious all through the verses. This can be appeared from the verses by the way that the author chooses to go just to a getting companion. End. Youthfulness is a difficult stage in life when a great deal of psychosocial, intellectual and physical changes show up in the lives of young people. The melody investigated above will engage most youths since it delivers issues vital to their development and formative needs. There is a requirement for additional investigations to be planned for finding solutions for the numerous difficulties a teenager is confronted with. Increasingly finished, it is pivotal that the administration thinks of projects outfitted at supporting the youngsters just as the network in managing the difficulties related with adolelescence. The most effective method to refer to Adolescence and music, Papers

Detecting Signs of E.T.

Identifying Signs of E.T. Occasionally, the news media experiences passionate feelings for tales about how outsiders have been found. From the discovery of a potential sign from a far off progress to stories of an outsider megastructure around a star saw by the Kepler Space Telescope to the account of the WOW! signal recognized in 1977 by a space expert at Ohio State University, whenever theres a trace of a confounding disclosure in cosmology, we see winded features that outsiders have been found.  In purpose of truth, there hasnt been an outsider progress found...yet. In any case, cosmologists continue looking! Discovering Something Weird In pre-fall 2016, space experts got what appeared to be a sign from a far off sun-like star called HD 164595. Primer pursuits utilizing the Allen Telescope Array in California showed that the sign got by a Russian telescope was not likely from an outsider progress. In any case, more telescopes will look at the sign to comprehend what it is and what could be making it. For  now, in any case, its concern not minimal green outsiders sending us a howdy.â Another star, called KIC 8462852, was seen by Kepler for over four years. It seems to have a fluctuation in its brilliance. That is, the light we see originating from this F-type star darken intermittently. It is anything but a standard timeframe, so its presumably not brought about by a circling planet. Such planet-caused dimmings are called travels. Kepler has recorded numerous stars utilizing the travel technique and discovered a large number of planets thusly. Be that as it may, the diminishing of KIC 8462852 was simply excessively unpredictable. While space experts and eyewitnesses took a shot at recording its dimmings, they additionally conversed with a stargazer who had been pondering what we may check whether a far off star had planets with life on them. Furthermore, specifically, if that life was innovatively ready to manufacture superstructures around their star to gather its light (for instance).  What Could it Be? On the off chance that a major structure circled a star, it could make the fluctuation in the stars brilliance be sporadic or even irregular appearing. Obviously, there are a few admonitions with this thought. To start with, separation is an issue. Indeed, even a genuinely enormous structure would be hard to recognize from Earth, even with solid finders. Second, the star itself could have some abnormal variable example, and space experts would need to watch it for longer timeframes to make sense of what it is. Third, stars with dust mists around them can likewise have genuinely enormous planetary structures shaping. Those planetesimals could likewise cause sporadic brilliance dunks in the starlight we recognize from Earth, particularly on the off chance that they were circling at amazed separations. At long last, cataclysmic crashes between bunches of material around a star could convey enormous gatherings of articles, for example, cometary cores in circle around the star. Those coul d likewise influenced the apparent brilliance of the star.â The Simple Truth In science, theres a standard that we follow called Occams Razor - it implies, basically, for some random occasion or item you watch, for the most part the most conceivable clarification is the easiest one.  In this case, stars with bunches of residue, planetesimals, or wandering exo-comets are almost certain than outsiders. That is on the grounds that stars FORM in haze of gas and dust, and more youthful stars despite everything have material around them left over from the development of their planets. KIC 8462852 could be in a planet-framing stage, steady with its age and mass (its about 1.4 occasions the mass of the Sun and somewhat more youthful than our star). Along these lines, the least difficult clarification here isn't an outsider megacomplex, however multitudes of comets.â The Search Protocol The quest for extrasolar planets has consistently been an introduction to a quest forever somewhere else known to man. Each star and planet framework found to have universes must be analyzed cautiously with the goal that stargazers comprehend its stock of planets, moons, rings, space rocks, and comets. Once that is done, the subsequent stage is to make sense of if the universes are inviting to life - that is, would they say they are livable? They do this by attempting to comprehend if the world has an air, where it is in its circle around the star, and what its developmental state may be.  So far, none have been discovered neighborly. Be that as it may, theyll be found. Chances are, there is shrewd life elsewere known to man. In the long run, we will recognize it - or it will discover us. Meanwhile, space experts on Earth keep on looking for tenable planets around likely stars. The more they study, they more theyll be prepared to perceive lifes impacts somewhere else.

A Meta Yultide Finale

A Meta Yultide Finale This week, I am fulfilling my dream of taking over the Admissions page with a series of six consecutive posts. I am calling the takeover Yultide (credit to the bloggers for the awesome name). Today is Yultide Day 6.  In this post, I reflect on previous Yultide posts, in a quasi-random order. ____________________________________________ Day 5: Give MIT Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences a Chance I have wanted to advertise the School of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences (SHASS) for a while, but didn’t know quite how to put it, and instead peppered small  references to the greatness of SHASS in other posts. Last semester, the awesome Elizabeth C. ‘13 asked me if I wanted to write an open letter on the topic. I composed the draft right away in a stroke of inspirationâ€"an occurrence so rare that the piece felt too valuable to publish. I would’ve kept the post hidden even longer, until some undefined “special occasion,” but it turns out publishing a series of consecutive posts is not easy, even with a large folder of drafts, so I had to publish the most polished piece. If you have time for only one Yultide post, stop reading this and switch to Day 5 immediately. I care about the academic work I’ve done at MIT and want everyone to feel empowered to do it too. MIT is not just a technical school. Day 1: Sketches from the Independent Activities Period I had fun writing these! Short pieces fast and easy and a great way to reflect on and preserve cool recent experiencesâ€"makes me realize that my life’s pretty fun. I especially appreciated the opportunity to talk about clubbing, queer stand-up comedy, and my new hobby. These are the kinds of topics I wouldn’t devote a whole post to, but consider important as examples of the diversity of MIT experiences. From a personal standpoint, the sketches help me experiment with different narrative formats and replace the journals I always try to keep. The IAP sketches post was a sequel to sketches from the fall semester, which itself was a sequel to three tales of junior year and three more tales of junior year. I plan to do more sketch compilations next semesterâ€"currently accumulating experiences. Day 4: MIT for Book Lovers This is my sixth tourist-y post (previous ones were about summer in Boston, downtown Boston, and a trilogy about Boston adventures). Event reporting posts are nice, because they give me an excuse opportunity to go out and record my adventures. I’ve gone to some events specifically to blog about them, and that’s been one of my top 5 blogger perks. That said, reporting on events is not as fun as writing short personal stories or letters to applicants (though it is always great to practice a different type of writing). Plus, choosing, editing, uploading, resizing, embedding, and adjusting pictures is hard. I have one more event compilation in the works, but I might need another Yultide for motivation to finish it. Coming hopefully soon: adventures in Cambridge and Somerville. Also in this post, I showed my face for the first time without hiding behind a group of people, but, unfortunately, with my formerly red hair. As in the blogger avatar, I’m currently sporting dark indigo. Day 3: College Life Changes, Described by a Frosh This post was tough to edit! Both parts were in one document and both caused a rollercoaster of emotions for present-day me. I wrote both parts in strokes of inspiration, something that happened more often four academic years ago, and, combined, they were five pages long, 1.15-spaced. Part 1, written shortly after freshman fall, was overwhelmingly froshy, though still more subdued than my first few posts (exhibits 1 and 2). I was the froshiest froshâ€"my third post was literally titled I Am Excited. I liked big words and long posts written in a creative flurry.  I can’t access that mindset now. Heres what I looked like then: Part 2, written in late freshman spring, got really dark at the end, then ended with “rainbow-colored meaning,” so that was quite a pivot. I took out some of the stuff in between for a future post-Pi Day advice post, and discarded some of the darker paragraphsâ€"not because I need to censor myself for the blogs, but because I freaked myself out. The final product is neutral, without the dark ruminations and dramatically positive finish. There was also a Part 3, a poem I wrote on the plane ride home for my 19th birthday, November of freshman fall. And it was one of those poems you write in middle to high school years when you have feelings. So I’m not publishing the whole thing, but I am including two least cringeworthy stanzas below. Pls don’t judge. English is not my first language. Life goals, independence stay mysteries still I still havent dusted my one windowsill Time management sucks. I don’t sleep every night. And still I remain of an average height I live and I learn and struggle with sleep I pocket a thousand sweet visions to keep I cherish the time before homework is due And celebrate freedom and try all things new Day 2: Just 41 Pictures I took in 2017 This post took 16 hours spread out across 5 weeks. I started with 112 pictures and then kept cutting and adding them until I created a post titled Just 70 Pictures of My Life, which then became 41 Pictures of 2017. By then, I memorized all the contents of my Google Photos library. I relived my life experiences starting from freshman year over and over, and experimented with multiple schemes to optimize the task of sorting, editing, and selecting photos. Final takeaway: do not work on a post for more than a couple of days because you will change your mind and have to do it all over again. Would I do it again? Yes, and I have two more “photo dump” albums in the works. It’s a good type of post for days when you just want to chill and listen to music, but also post something about life or research. Most of the pictures for the upcoming posts are already filtered and edited, so I aim for less than 7 hours of work each. But then, you never know how the blogger platform will behaveâ€"it’s been known for erasing instead of saving photos. Day 6: A Meta Yultide Finale This post has  a lot of time-consuming hyperlinks. But I enjoyed being meta. And now double meta. Now I just need to take a screenshot of the Admissions home page with only my face  on it (with the updated avatar!). Ive been waiting for this since freshman year. I think I finally made it in life. Post Tagged #photography #Yultide

Racism And Oppression Of School - 1752 Words

Discrimination affects society differently based on gender, age, culture, disabled, race, sexual orientation, religion, and many more. Discrimination is also referred to as racism. It plays a major role in social work. In recent years discrimination has been one of the top topics in social work. European-American students share their fears of being perceived as racists. On the other hands, a significant number of students of color come to class thinking themselves as miniexperts, bringing lived, poignant experiences of oppression (Phan et al., 2009). However, most people of color lack the knowledge of their own heritage. They think the whole world is out there to get them, but that’s not the always the case. Teaching about racism and oppression in school can be very complicated. Class rules have to be established, students should feel safe, and they must accept other’s opinions. Students will understand how racism and social work is related to each other. They get to hear other people’s points of view, while also focusing on the problems and how they can solve them. The field of social workers can be very critical, and has to always be approached in an appropriate manner. Clients are supposed to feel comfortable, and know that their assigned social worker is their advocacy. Social workers must be educated to reject discrimination. The challenges that we face with discrimination can take a toll on society. It will always be an existent dealing with social welfare. However,Show MoreRelatedEpitaph and Dreaming Black Boy1021 Words   |  5 Pagesa) Compare the ways in which these two poems deal with the experience of oppression and racism. b) State which of the two poems you find more disturbing, and give reasons to support your answer. c) Identify and comment on TWO poetic devices used in each poem to highlight the workings of oppression or racism. Dreaming Black Boy and Epitaph are two poems which address the issues of oppression and racism. though they both deal with the same problem, it is handled and discussed differently. Read MoreDo Professional Athletes, Today s Society, Deal With Racial Inequalities And Oppression? Essay1555 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: The topic that will be focused on in this paper is â€Å"Do professional athletes, in today’s society, deal with racial inequalities and oppression?†. Specifically, three peer articles were reviewed while assessing this question and helped to determine the detrimental affects that these racial discriminations can have on athletes and, individuals in general. Articles reviewed include examples of direct discrimination of athletes through physical altercations as well as society’s internalRead MorePrimary Roles Of A Grade 7 And 8 Teacher1519 Words   |  7 Pages ultimately, our actions† (Brooks and Brooks, 1999). The seeds of racism, sexism and oppression, I believe are planted at an early age of childhood. The parents of grade 7 and 8 students, of an elite private school of a higher social economic status, presented an objection to their children learning about social inequalities. Parents of the students feel their adolescent children are not ready to tac kle these issues of oppression, rather continue to focus on learning skills they feel will lead toRead MoreThe Black Skin White Masks By Frantz Fanon1664 Words   |  7 Pageson race in the past. Today race and racism is now discussed more openly. Which is why society has an understanding of the fact that racism still exist. Frantz Fanon uses colonization to explain how racism was cultivated in the past. Paulo Freire uses his study of the oppressed to explain how its hard to escape oppression. In Frantz Fanon’s book of â€Å"Black Skin White Masks† has insights into the psychological damage resulting from colonialism, self-denial, racism, in which provide a path for those ofRead MoreThe American Civil War And The Civil Rights Movement1539 Words   |  7 PagesIn elementary school, students study the Civil War, and the Civil Rights movement. Teachers speak about slavery and racism as if it were a thing of the past; and juvenile minds are lead to believe that Martin Luther King Jr.’s dream has finally come true. But as these futile minds mature, they encounter different versions of this â€Å"dream†. Caucasian faces may live to believe the world is a blissful place, but scoff at the waitress who struggles to speak english. Brown faces may look at the homosexualRead MoreMalcolm X : Racism And Oppression1549 Words   |  7 Pageshuman history (Slavery Facts). Slavery is a horrible form of oppression that people usually associate with racism, but i n reality, slavery begins with treating people as less than human. In The Autobiography of Malcolm X As Told to Alex Haley, the author explores racism and subhuman treatment of American blacks in the mid-twentieth century. He uses personal and historical anecdotes to appeal to the strong emotions surrounding issues of racism. Because of his experiences as a black child in America, MalcolmRead MoreLatinos And The Latino Population1560 Words   |  7 Pagesincreasing numbers are being impoverished (Human Society, 1989, 1990). D. Forms of Oppression Oppression is the social act of placing severe restrictions on an individual, group or institution (Barker, 2003). Internalized oppression is the turning upon ourselves, our families, and our people the distressed patterns of behavior that result from racism and oppression of the majority society. Internalized racism is directed more specifically at one’s racial on ethic group. In the Latino communityRead MoreClinical Practice Of The Emergency Department1152 Words   |  5 PagesIn clinical practice, there was a First Nations patient that disclosed his experience prior to his hospital admission where he encountered stigma and racism from strangers and health care employees. The patient describes how he was walking on a street, suddenly losing complete strength in both legs causing him to fall down. He was struggling with getting up as he could not regain his strength. There were strangers surrounding him; however, the patient articulated that while he was vulnerable andRead MoreHispanic Ethnicity And The Latino Population1370 Words   |  6 Pagesincreasing numbers are being impoverished (Human Society, 1989, 1990). D. Forms of Oppression Oppression is the social act of placing severe restrictions on an individual, group or institution (Barker, 2003). Internalized oppression is the turning upon ourselves, our families, and our people the distressed patterns of behavior that result from racism and oppression of the majority society. Internalized racism is directed more specifically at one’s racial on ethic group. In the Latino communityRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Five Faces Of Oppression By Charles W. Mills1050 Words   |  5 Pagesposition where you have the power to set rules. Iris Marian Young discusses oppression brought on by racism having five faces that constructs a society and shapes an individual in the book â€Å"Five Faces of Oppression† While some might say it is a social construct, it does not exist and if it does it is only meant to encourages people of a lower class to work harder, racism is a form of discrimination and needs to be put to an end. Racism causes inequality and oppress es certain groups of people. It leads a

Amnesty International Against the Death Penalty Essay

Amnesty International Against the Death Penalty The death penalty is enforced in more than 100 countries around the globe. Statistically, there have been 1,708 known executions in 35 of these 100 countries. I=m sure that the true figures are certainly higher. The most common methods of this controversial act include shooting, electrocution, lethal injection, hanging, stoning, and decapitation. Around the world, there are presently almost 3,000 people on death row (What is Amnesty International, 1997, Oct. 29, p. 13). Rushing to stand on behalf of these prisoners is the powerful social activist group Amnesty International. Amnesty International Aopposes the death penalty in all cases on the grounds that it is a violation of the†¦show more content†¦In 1977, their achievements landed them a recipient award of the Nobel Prize for Peace (AAmnesty International of the U.S.A.,@ 1996, p. 2162). Today, Amnesty International has more then 1,000,000 members, subscribers, and regular donors in more than 100 countries and territories throughout the world. Without including the thousands of schools, universities, and professional groups that do not register internationally, Amnesty International holds 4,287 local groups within the International Secretariat. The heart of the organization lies in London, with over 300 permanent staff members and 95 volunteers from around the world (AAmnesty International=s facts and figures,@ 1997, Nov. 15, p. 1). For every organization to work there must be some type of administration, and indeed, Amnesty International has one. Today, the Secretary General in charge of Amnesty International is Pierre Sane. In whole, it is governed by a nine-member International Executive Committee. Eight of the nine members are volunteers, elected every two years by an International Council, and one elected member of the International Secretariat (AFacts and figures about Amnesty International,@ 1997, Nov. 1, p. 1). Finally, the last bit of information about Amnesty International is its main focuses. Standing by its detailed international statute, Amnesty International=sShow MoreRelated The Effectiveness of Amnesty International1143 Words   |  5 Pages The Effectiveness of Amnesty International In 1961, two Portuguese students raising a toast to freedom were imprisoned for 7 years. Upon learning about the controversy, Peter Benenson, a British lawyer published The Forgotten Prisoners in the Observer newspaper. This became the article that launched Amnesty International and the worldwide campaign to take action and fight for human rights. Amnesty International or commonly called AI is a worldwide, non for profit organization that advocates andRead MoreEssay on The Pros and Cons of Capital Punishment1208 Words   |  5 Pagesright to life, while degrading the individual, and serving no true justification of the action at all. The death penalty has not always been popular in the United States. It arose in the early years of the United States, and stems from a heavy influence from the British. Colonial times yielded very few cases of the death penalty. It was not until the 19th century when the death penalty became very popular and rose to its highest points. By the 1930s, around 150 people were executed yearly, whichRead More Against the Death Penalty Essay1533 Words   |  7 Pages The Death Penalty Human rights are fundamental rights which every human being is entitled to just because they are human. The death penalty is the ultimate, irreversible denial of human rights. It is the cold blooded killing of a human being in the name of ‘justice’. In 1948, the United Nations adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights; in Articles 3 and 5 it states that â€Å"no one shall be subjected to cruel or degrading punishment and everyone has the rightRead MoreCapital Punishment1137 Words   |  5 Pagesof a crime will have to face corresponding punishments. Among all penalties, capital punishment is considered to be the most severe and cruelest one which takes away criminal’s most valuable right in the world, that is, right to live. It is a heated debate for centuries whether capital punishment should be completely abolished world widely. The world seems to have mixed opinion regarding this issue. According to Amnesty International (2010), currently, 97 countries in the world have already abolishedRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Death Penalty833 Words   |  4 PagesOne of the controversial issue during our nationwide is death penalty, because it is punishment that carried out against a person condemned of capital crime. Research have shown that â€Å"At least 1,634 people were executed in 25 countries in 2015, also in 2014 Amnesty International recorded 1,061 executions in 22 counties worldwide† (Am nesty International). Also, there are many different philosophical view on death penalty. One of the them is utilitarian philosopher Jermyn Bentham, where he argues thatRead MoreThe Illegalization Of Capital Punishment1441 Words   |  6 PagesThe Death Penalty, also termed capital punishment, is the legal process in which a person is put to death by the federal or state government based on having committed one of 43 capital crimes, such as first-degree murder, espionage or treason. The death penalty is enforced based upon the idea that law abiding members of society will no longer have to worry about convicted criminals being able to carry out even more heinous crimes within their lifetimes. However enforcing the death penalty has alsoRead MoreCapital Panishment1230 Words   |  5 Pagespunishment and the people who argue against capital punishment. The most compelling arguments against capital punishment can be made on the basis of it doesn’t reduce crime, risks executi ons of innocent people, inflicted disproportionately on the poor and targeting people of colour (racist), persons who commit vicious crimes have often suffered from neglect, violence, cruelty, lack of love, and a host of destructive social conditions. Proponents of the death penalty say it is an important tool forRead MoreUnited Nations Economic And Social Council1334 Words   |  6 PagesResearch an International Non -Governmental Organization that works on behalf of human rights issues. The United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) defines an INGO as any organization which is not established by inter-governmental agreement (Resolution 288 (X) 27 February 1950), including organizations which accept members designated by government authorities, provided that such membership does not interfere with the free expression of views of the organizations (Resolution 1296Read MoreEssay on Death Penalty - Herrera vs Collins1337 Words   |  6 PagesDeath Penalty - Herrera vs Collins The Supreme Court addressed the constitutionality of executing someone who claimed actual innocence in Herrera v. Collins (506 U.S. 390 (1993)). Although the Court left open the possibility that the Constitution bars the execution of someone who conclusively demonstrates that he or she is actually innocent, the Court noted that such cases would be very rare. The Court held that, in the absence of other constitutional violations, new evidence of innocence is noRead More Capital Punishment: Just or Unjust? Essay1927 Words   |  8 PagesJust or Unjust?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Can you imagine knowing the exact day, time, and place you were going to die, not to mention how your death was to come about? Day after day of mental pain just knowing that days, hours, minutes and even seconds from now you are going to be killed. The night before, tossing and turning, playing through your head just the way you imagine your death is going to be, asking yourself heaven or hell, suffering or short? If only you can take that one moment of sin back or maybe there

Gross Domestic Product Free Essays

Introduction Gross domestic product (GDP) refers to the market value of all goods and services produced within a country in a given length of time. It is usually used to indicate countries standard of leaving. Simon Kuznets a n American economic researcher , who has pointed out that there is more to life than money, has been focusing on â€Å"gross national happiness â€Å"another way of indicating countries standard of leaving. We will write a custom essay sample on Gross Domestic Product or any similar topic only for you Order Now But this time it is by measuring the change in our standard of living and by our quality of life instead of how much money we pocketed in a given period of time. The concept of gross national happiness or (GNH )was developed in an attempt to define an indicator that measures quality life or social progress in more holistic and physychological terms than gross domestic product .This idea has been followed from the upper echelons of Barack Obama to the prim minister of united Kingdome David Cameron the goal of measuring nations well being has been a major goal of this policy makers .They join the trend setter the Kingdome of Bhutan a Himalayan mountain country located in south Asia between republic of India and people republic of china . Gross domestic income (G.D.P) Product or output approach, income approach and expenditure approach have been used to determine GDP. Because of summing up the output of every product enterprise to come to the total the product approach has been the most direct of the three approaches. On the other hand the income approach principle says income of producers must be equal to the value of their product and it determines gross domestic income by finding the sum of all producers’ income. Expenditure approach uses a principle that all of the product must be bought by somebody, therefore the value of the total product must be equal to peoples’ expenditure in buying things. GNH(growth national happiness) GNH (gross national happiness) was introduced to measure quality of life in a nation. The term was initiated in 1972 by Bhutan’s former king jigme singyewangchuch, who lead Bhutan into modernization. but under the leadership of karma Ura ,it developed a sophisticated survey instrument .This survey instrument measures the general wellbeing of the Bhutan nation. The instrument was invented with collaboration with the Canadian health epidemiologist Michael pennoke.like many psychological and social indicators,GNH is somewhat easier to state than to define with mathematical precision.(WIKI DIFFEERENCE The difference between the two is, G.D.P is based on how the country is pocketing money and how each year they are growing or going down financial wise .but gross national happiness indicate or measure national well being, by measuring this they will know how happy the nation is. Measuring national happiness is used to help the government understand â€Å"with evidence â€Å"the best way of improving peoples well being (David Cameron). By measuring how happy the nation is .But on the other hand G.D.P measure countries economical performance. G.D.P measures quantitative measures not qualitative like G.N.H.G.D.P takes no account of the distribution of income and includes no moral judgments about the worth of the activity performed Money is the most common medium of exchange in the modern world .modern nation compares their wealth with the amount of money they accumulate. Money can buy you just about anything in this modern age. Many big nations like the United Kingdom and the United States of America measure their economic wealth by G.D.P or gross domestic product. But this countries are realising there is more to life than money, they are considering measuring national wellbeing or gross national happiness (G.N.H) to measure how happy there nation is, the first nation that measured G.N.H is the country of Bhutan. Bhutan’s does not idolise money as the rest of the world does. They do not have as many material possessions as the people of the united Kingdome or of the United States. There for money does not have a major usage. Its seems like people in the united Kingdome tend to need money to be happy in life,(give good example from the hand out?)The people of Bhutan do not need money or wealth to be happy. Families in the western society are straggling to feed and maintain necessity needs in the house. Parents have to be working full time to pay for food, gas, internet, electricity, transport .it can be any kind of transport it can be a car, for example when owning a car there are cost that comes with it like paying for road tax insurance and petrol. it can also be a train, there is cost that comes with it like paying monthly or weekly or daily travel card but in the country of Bhutan the means of transport is, use mule back or horse back to move from place to place which is cost less. Some of these expenses are not necessity in the country of Bhutan like the internet. There life is not based on technology they don’t need the internet to live there life but on the other hand UK families need internet to lead there day to day life ,the kids at home needs internet to do there course work the the father and mother needs it to pay bills and for work purpose .This had mounted the expense of the UK and most western families expenses.† the more money you got the more expense u will have â€Å"the stress level in western world is highly elevated ,as opposed to the stress level of families of Bhutan. Bhutanese families spend time together as they usually work together in their farm or at home. There life style tends to be togetherness. Therefore giving Bhutanese a good quality time with their family. Which also avoid loneliness or spending time worrying .Bhutan’s work as a family which means they chain of delegation is from a family memberWhich makes their jobs easier, they don’t have a boss ordering them or giving them dead line to finish a task or a work time keeper who cheeks time when they come late to work them gives them a final warning. This in itself can avoid work related stress .stress at work is a major issue in the united kingdom according to the BBC news, stress at work makes men ill. † Bhutanese people have much less money than Britons but they seem to be happier because they don’t have any use for money. The trade in Bhutan deals with animals or foods, or handcrafted articles of clothing or weaponry .In the UK everything or every transaction requires the use of money in one way or the other .G.D.P is very important in a country like the united Kingdome .because economies change very rapidly from positive to negative and vice versa .but the economies of country like Bhutans is so small. There for makes G.D.P measurement harder. Growth national happiness in Bhutan seems to work for them than growth domestic product. Becouse people don’t use money; they have more opportunity to be happy with what they owned . PROBLEMS OF MESURING G.D.P DOUBLECOUNTINGThere are lots of problems in measuring G.D.P, one of the problems in measuring G.D.P is errors and omission, and this is a problem in calculating and collecting the statistics of nation. This problem arises because people hide their incomes and firms hide their expenditure to avoid taxation. as a result of this there will be another economical nation called the black economy in one country, (Akemed 2001 ) also suggest that it is known as â€Å"rag gun†. Another way in which double counting can occur is through stock appreciation. The increase in inflation which will also increase the stock value, even though this adds firms a profit; it represents no increase in real income .gain such as this must be deducted from the income figure. G.D.P DOESNOT TAKE INTO ACCOUNT OF INCOME DISTRIBUTION By trying to avoid distribution of income, G.D.P hides the fact that rising tide dos note lift all boats. from the early ninety seventieth till mid ninetieth G.D.P rose by staggering 50% were by wages suffered a massive fall of 14 % ,in the start of ninety eighty one alone the upper 5% of households increased their real income by almost 20% yet the G.D.P present this massive gain at the top as a bounty to all. In 2006 Richard Layard an economist from LSE argued unhappiness is a bigger problem than unemployment in the United Kingdom. This shows people are more concerned about their happiness and well being than there income. There for measuring peoples income is useless, because people are not concerned about what they get paid they are more concerned about their happiness and well being .more people are claiming incapacity benefits because of depression and other mental disorder. So policy makers need to take into accounts such factors, And change the way we calculate the countri es growth.(THE ECONOMIST NOVEMBER 27Th 2010 edition page 86). G.D.P measures divorce, crime, and natural disaster as economical gain As G.D.P records every monetary transaction as a positive one the cost of social problem in natural disaster are classified as economical advance. Divorce adds billion pounds through legal expenses, crime ads billions to the UK GDP due the need for security measures increasing police protection and medical cost. Hurricane Andrew was disastrous for southern Florida, but GDP has recorded it as a boom to the US economy pocketing well over 15billion dollars. ( Clifford W. Cobb and John B. Cobb, Jr. 1994:12 ) GDP INCREASES WITH POLLUTING ACTIVITIES Highly funded cleanup of toxic sites is slated to cost billions of pounds over the next three years. This will also increase up the GDP, the growth domestic product first added the economic activity or economic boom in industries and manufacturing to generate the pollution. It creates illusion that pollution is double economical benefits. This is how Exxon Valdez oil spill led to the increase of GDP. This shows that GDP measures quantitatively, it includes no moral judgment about the activity performed to increase the economy. More to this the clean up on nuclear accident like of the Fukushima in Japan will add to GDP in the same way of production of solar power. When oil is found in one country it is sold to the consumers it is counted as an additional to the country’s wealth rather than loose or depletion of the country’s resource. PROBLEMS OF MESURING G.N.H On the other hand growth national happiness also has its down falls, GNH is rather complementary than a real substitute of G.D.P. Our business environment needs highly tangible indices like G.D.P in order to assess its market. As Mr. Cameron said it â€Å"you cannot capture happiness on a spreadsheet any more than you can bottle it†. Critics say that international comparison of well-being will be difficult on this model; proponents maintain that each country can define its own measure of GNH as it chooses, and that comparisons over time between nations will have validity .Recently there has been concern that happiness research could be used to advance authoritarian aims. Some participants at a happiness conference in Rome have suggested that happiness research should not be used as a matter of public policy but rather used to inform individuals. In the case of Bhutan (BBC news 2003) shows that the government expelled about one hundred thousand people and stripped them of their Bhutanese citizenship on the grounds that the deportees were ethnic Nepalese who had settled in the country illegally. While this would reduce Bhutan’s wealth by most traditional measures such as GDP, the Bhutan government claims it has not reduced Bhutan’s GNH .growth national happiness is hard to measure and it has its own conciseness .because happiness is not definable its hard to put on a spread sheet, unless everyone is brain scanned. So it requires lots of time and money. Major problems with measuring happiness are that, it is composed of other elements to. In crude mathematics it will be defined as H=R-E.in short it means the lower peoples expectation are the happier they are, on the other hand the higher peoples expectation are the less happy they are. Most people think happiness is not measurable, it’s too abstract, too subjective, too hard to quantify by asking people how satisfy they are with their life on a scale of one to ten, on doing so this will not give accurate answer for measuring happiness. The other alternative is to focus in particular set of events and ask what feeling do people show as the day goes on or â€Å" day reconstruction method or DRM† which is produce by researchers including Norbert Schwarz a physiologist and the economist Alan Krueger ex chief economist of the us treasury and another noble prize winner physiologist Daniel k . ‘The alternative approach to measure happiness by recalling episode by episode of previous day event and the most highlighted part of feeling like stress , peace, exhaustion elation. Inshore this approach measures mood and life satisfaction and these two concepts are quite different ways to think about happiness. ‘ a survey measuring woman in America in France found that the Americans were twice likely to say they were very satisfied and happy with their lives but on the other hand the French women spent more of their day in a good mood. â€Å"We have tended for too long to use a single ward to refer to wide Varity of things† says professor kahanman. There is a real need to distinguish between life satisfaction and mood or experienced happiness. They are quite distinct and they have different causes and consequences. So this has led happiness hard to measure because of all consequences that come with it therefore GNH can be a problem to measure success of a coun try because of the low accuracy level. A country cannot measure its success on inaccurate results. References (1). http://www.thinkingeurope.eu/content.php?hmID=20smID=34ssmID=196 (Accessed on 9 Mar11) (2) http://www.scribd.com/doc/2977226/Economics-Gross-Domestic-Product-vs-Gross-National-Happiness used it for the difference on 23 march (3)BBC (2006) stress at work makes men at work ill(on line) available from http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/5059278.stm 4 THE GREEN NATIONAL PRODUCT: A Proposed Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare; Clifford W. Cobb and John B. Cobb, Jr; University Press of America, 1994 ISBN 0-8191-9322-4) 5) BBC(2003) butan refugees on hunger strike(on line) available at http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/2774803.stm How to cite Gross Domestic Product, Essay examples

Thinking Out Loud by Ed Sheeran free essay sample

In a time where so many artists drown their music with autotune and background music to cover up their faults, one artist in my opinion rises above them all. His name is Ed Sheeran. I have been a huge fan of Ed Sheeran since his first album came out. I had + on replay so much that I had memorized almost every lyric in each song. I never thought that Ed Sheeran could top his first album until he debuted x which took his music to a whole new level. I knew that Sheerans album x would be a smash hit. I pre-oredered it and waited for the albums release. While I was extremely impressed by every song on the album, there was one song that became an instant favorite: Thinking Out Loud. Thinking Out Loud is a beautiful romantic song that made me fall in love with Ed Sheerans style of music all over again. We will write a custom essay sample on Thinking Out Loud by Ed Sheeran or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Armed with his signature guitar and unique voice, Ed Sheeran created the ultimate feel good song. What makes this song so amazing is that Ed Sheeran has the ability to connect to so many people. His lyrics are so genuine and honest and he demonstrates limitless musical ability. The song go into how Ed Sheeran will love the love of his life until the day they die. He writes cause honey your soul will never grow old, its evergreen. His music evokes such imagery and emotion that it leaves you breathless by the end of the song. This is a song that will remind everyone of their first love. That love which will live on forever. That love which is evergreen. Sheeran transports the listener back to that place where they felt europhic, madly in love, and unstoppable. Even though Ed Sheeran might not be a household name just yet, give it a few months. Between his truthful lyrics and stunning voice, he is an artist to be reckoned with. All I can say is that with new music releases and a growing fan base, I predict that 2015 will be the year of the Sheerios.

How to Accept Payments With WordPress (2 Easy Options Explained)

Looking to accept payments with WordPress? Whether youre launching a full-on e-commerce store or just looking to list a few products or services for sale, WordPress has plenty of functionality to help you do just that.Two of the best options to making that happen are WooCommerce and PayPal Buy Now Button –  both  are easy to set up and use and they provide two different levels of complexity to suit your unique needs. If you just want a lightweight solution suitable for listing a small number of products or services, PayPal Buy Now Button is for you. And if youd like a more complex and flexible solution, you might prefer going with WooCommerce. Either way, were going to show you how!Introducing PayPal Buy Now Button PayPal Buy Now Button Author(s): Scott PatersonCurrent Version: 1.7.2Last Updated: June 3, 2019wp-ecommerce-paypal.1.7.2.zip 92%Ratings 128,892Downloads WP 3.0+Requires The  PayPal Buy Now Button  plugin  is a straightforward tool to help you accep t payments with WordPress. You can use it to insert a button – or several of them – anywhere on your site, and that button will enable users to pay you through PayPal. This plugin is incredibly simple to install, and configuring it shouldnt take more than a few minutes.Before we jump into the instructions, you may be interested to know that PayPal  does enable you to add payment buttons manually, without the use of a plugin. You dont need an account to do it either – just follow PayPals instructions and youll get a code snippet that you can add to a page or  post.If youre wary about dealing with code, however, PayPal Buy Now Button is a solid alternative that also will save you some time if you need to create a large number of payment buttons. Read on to find out how to use it.How to use PayPal Buy Now Button to accept online paymentsAfter installing and activating the plugin, youll see a new PayPal Button option under Settings on  your dashboard. Clicking on this option will send you to the plugins main settings screen, where you can pick a language and currency for your button:If you scroll a bit further down, youll find an option to enter your PayPal Merchant ID (a unique identifier for those of you who have merchant accounts) or a regular email address. Youll need at least one of these  to start receiving payments:Finally, you can also pick from among several button styles at the bottom of this page, as well as indicate whether PayPal should open in the same window or a new one when a user clicks on the button.After saving your settings, identify the page or post where you want to include your first PayPal button and open  its editor. Youll find a new PayPal Button option right next to Add Media:Click on it, and then all you have to do is indicate a name, price, and alignment for your button:Once youre done, click on Insert and the plugin will add a shortcode to your page. Your button will now show up on the front end of your site.Easy as pie, right? If youre looking for a more powerful option, however, read on to discover an excellent alternative you may want to try out.Introducing WooCommerce WooCommerce Author(s): AutomatticCurrent Version: 3.7.1Last Updated: October 9, 2019woocommerce.3.7.1.zip 92%Ratings 77,312,503Downloads WP 4.9+Requires WooCommerce is one of the most popular e-commerce options for WordPress users, and with good  reason. This plugin feels like a natural extension of WordPress right out of the box, and it packs all the features youll need to create and manage an online store. Plus, there are dozens of handy extensions available that can add extra functionality to your site.The core difference between this one and the PayPal Buy Now Button plugin is that WooCommerce is a fully-fledged e-commerce store solution its a complete online store. Whereas PayPal Buy Now Button is a simple buy button that only allows you to collect a payment for a specific thing, but is not connec ted with any online store functionality.One of WooCommerces core  features is, of course, accepting payments with WordPress. It  enables customers to pay you using either PayPal or Stripe  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ as long as you turn those settings on – but it also provides you with a way to add more choices. By using extensions, you can add integrate almost every major online payment gateway into your store. So if youre looking for a plugin that lets you keep your options open, this is it.Just as before, the first thing youll need to do is  install and activate the plugin. When youre done with that, proceed to the next section.How to use WooCommerce to accept payments with WordPressAs soon as you activate WooCommerce, youll be taken to a setup wizard that will help you  configure your online store from scratch. When you get to the fourth step,  youll be able to  choose the payment gateways you want to enable:By default, WooCommerce ships with two popular payment gateways: PayP al and Stripe. You can configure each by navigating to  WooCommerce → Settings → Checkout on your dashboard, and finding the corresponding option at the top of the screen:For example, clicking on PayPal will send you to a new page where you can configure where your payments will go, and customize all the other settings youll need:The payment gateways you  select  will show up when a user tries to check out, so all you have to do is enable and configure each one. Then your store will be ready to go!As we mentioned earlier, you can also use WooCommerce extensions to add more payment gateways to your roster. Setting these extensions  up works just the same as with other WordPress plugins, and you can find them  in the WooCommerce repository:After enabling the  extensions you want, youll see new options appear on your WooCommerce Settings page. You can then  configure them using the same method  we described above. Then, your customers can pick which paymen t option they want to use on the front end of your site.Once you  set up your payment options, all you need to do is create WooCommerce products for the items that you want to sell.ConclusionFiguring out the best way to accept payments with WordPress shouldnt be an afterthought to setting up your site; its a critical step to making sure your website succeeds. After all, customers will quickly become frustrated if they cant pay with ease, and you wont be able to focus on growing your site if you dont get your money promptly.If youre looking for the easiest way to start accepting payments online,  PayPal Buy Now Button may be the right plugin for you.On the other hand, if youd like to let your customers use more than one payment gateway, WooCommerce provides you with more alternatives (and comes with a lot of other excellent features that will help you set up your store). How to easily accept online payments with #WordPress Click To Tweet Do you have any questions about how to ac cept payments with WordPress? Fire away in the comments section below!Free guide5 Essential Tips to Speed Up Your WordPress SiteReduce your loading time by even 50-80% just by following simple tips.

Romeo and Juliet comparison essays

Romeo and Juliet comparison essays In Romeo and Juliet, written by William Shakespeare, each character has their own different view of love, but Romeo and Juliets are the most different, with their thoughts, you can compare and contrast many different ideas... When Romeo first saw Juliet, he was stunned at her beauty, but did not take the time to see what kind of a person she was, and not even what her name was, for when he saw her he went up to her and explained what he thought, and only after she had to leave him did she ask someone what her name was. He went up to her right away, and seemed to be looking for a fast relationship, which is also shown when he asks the Friar to marry them only a few days after meeting. And although he may have wanted to have a physical relation, he respect Juliet when she said she would rather wait until she was married. Romeo also seemed to want to be with her all the time and needed to see her, such as when he climbed over the garden fence and listened in on her. While Romeo thinks that, Juliet has a very different opinion of love, although she also did the same to Romeo when they first met, she was more controlling, and didnt seem to care for his looks, like Romeo, as she did his personality. She clearly showed Romeo that she didnt want a physical relation until they were married, though they turned out to be marrying soon after. She did not seem to like it when Romeo followed her, when Romeo snuck in to her garden, she was not happy to find him eavesdropping on her, and at first wanted him to go away. So while both Romeo and Juliet love each other, they have different opinions on why they love each other, and we must understand their feelings to better understand the story. ...

Venture capital investment decisions and frameworks Dissertation

Venture capital investment decisions and frameworks - Dissertation Example This dissertation has developed a real options framework on the propensity to make CVC investments. CVC investments are viewed as containing a series of real options. The initial investment opportunity is analogous to a call option to invest. Upon exercising the call option, the investing firm acquires at least two additional real options: the abandonment option in adverse market conditions and growth options in favorable market conditions. The dissertation proposes that established firms' propensity to make CVC investments are influenced by the factors that determine the economic value of the real options embedded in CVC projects. These options value drivers include uncertainty, irreversibility, growth potential and competition. This dissertation finds strong empirical support for the real options view of CVC investment decisions. In addition, since real options are created and exercised through managerial discretion that is enabled and constrained by firm-level resources and capabi lities, this dissertation also examines how firm-level heterogeneity in resources and capabilities influence the economic value of real options and CVC investment propensity. In particular, this dissertation focuses on how resource base diversity may enhance the value of growth options and help with timely abandonment and efficient switching. The empirical analysis provides evidence for the positive effects of R&D and related knowledge base on CVC investment propensity, but does not find any statistically significant positive effect of resource base diversity on CVC investment propensity.

THE IMPACT OF TRADE ON LABOUR Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

THE IMPACT OF TRADE ON LABOUR - Essay Example Then it has collected some data of international trade volume and unemployment rate of a developing and a developed nation to find out whether any strong relationship does exist between the two variables. On the basis of its research, the study has come to the conclusion that trade does not significantly affect labor market in real world. Introduction: According to the Economic theory, we know that there are gains from trade. But these gains are reflected as net gains. Despite there been a secular increase in both exports and imports and has been regarded as a percentage of Gross National Product which is considered to be beneficial for the economy and also though the increased exports have generated additional employment opportunities, but still these changes have been accompanied by reduced employment opportunities and adjustment burdens for workers in import-competing industries. The workers had to adapt themselves to the new working environment of changing demand conditions in th e import competing industries which involve extended periods of job research, restraining and relocation which demands to be a bit costly venture. As per the analysis, women and the minorities, the less educated and the lower paid groups, as compared to men, had to take more burdens on themselves and they were not in a position to afford the cost even. Since the last two decades, quite a number of developing countries have undergone liberalization of their trade regimes. The proponents of such liberalization have argued that one of the chief beneficiaries of greater openness to trade is the workers in these countries. Basically, trade liberalization with abundant supply of labor has encouraged producers to reallocate output towards labor intensive goods. Hence the resulting increase in the demand for labor, given the labor market conditions, has translated into some condition of an increase in employment and wages. The logic behind this argument has been totally justified and compel ling and has been supported by the proponents of early liberalization as the Newly Industrialized Economies of East Asia like Hong Kong, Korea, Singapore and Taiwan. According to Robbins in the year 1996, and Wood in 1997, recent episodes of trade liberalization have appeared not to have been associated with large improvements in prospects for the typical worker. The apparent divergence between the expectations of liberalization advocates and the recent evidence has been explained by various factors. For example, the liberalization in trade has lead to an inflow of new technologies from abroad. But in this case, the growing evidence suggests that the new technologies are increasingly skill biased and therefore according to the recent episodes of trade liberalization that may lead to an increased demand for workers but that will comprised of less number of workers who are highly skilled, as per Wood in 1997. ( Wood, 1997) On the other way, the available evidence may be incomplete in some important ways. As for example, it has been highly observed that the short run effects of liberalization are likely to be adverse for aggregate labor, even among the proponents of trade liberalization. It takes a lot of time for resources to get reallocated in new firms and industries and it is also possible that the available time series is not enough to capture the effects of trade fully. In a similar way, the number of countries that have been taken into observation may not be the most appropriate ones.

Ebola: Route of Transmission, Life Cycle and Treatment

Ebola: Route of Transmission, Life Cycle and Treatment It is hypothesized that Ebola outbreaks are zoonotic in origin, however the true reservoir in unsubstantiated.8 The conceding belief is that fruit bats are the reservoir for the Ebolavirus, but due to their migration patterns and apparent lack of disease it has been challenging to study this effectively to yield a substantiated conclusion.28 It is further theorized that transmission to humans comes from preparation and consumption of infected bushmeat or the handling of infected animals.8 Some scientists believe that non-human primates contract Ebola from eating fruit soiled with body fluids from infected fruit bats, however there may also be direct animal to animal transmission.8 There is also evidence that domesticated animals such as pigs and dogs contract the virus.29 Once a human is infected from a zoonotic source it is then transmitted from person to person via direct contact with blood, secretions, organs and other bodily fluids of infected people. Ebolavirus is also transmitt ed during burial ceremonies where individuals come into direct contact with an infected deceased person.30 Healthcare workers taking care of those infected have frequently been infected themselves, due to improper infection control procedures.30 Recent evidence has shown a sexual transmission from Ebola, as semen can test positive for Ebola months after the disease has subsided.30 The WHO and CDC both report that Ebolavirus can not be transmitted through aerosols. However, there are a few studies and evidence to support that it is a possible mode of transmission. It is believed that there was animal to animal as well as animal to human transmission of the Reston virus from cynomolgus macaques in a US quarantine facility.31 The outbreak demonstrated intercage infection and in some cases with distance between the cages. In a study, rhesus macaques were infected through aerosols of the Zaire virus, with a median mass diameter ranging from 0.8 and 1.2m.32 Evidence of the respiratory tract being the primary site of infection, can be inferred from the viral concentration being the greatest in the lungs.8 Pathogenesis The incubation period for Ebolavirus ranges from 2 to 21 days and humans are non-infectious until symptoms appear.30 Ebolavirus presents with a sudden onset of fever, fatigue, muscle pain, headache and sore throat. As the disease progresses vomiting, diarrhea and a rash present. During the latent stages of the disease, patients develop impaired kidney and liver function, and in some cases, both internal and external bleeding.30 Patients will present with labs with low white blood count (WBC), low platelets, elevated liver enzymes (AST and ALT).30 The mortality rate varies among the different subtypes of Ebolavirus. The Zaire virus has an average of 77% mortality rate, Sudan virus 49.8%, Bundibugyo 30.55% and Reston virus and Tai Forest virus both have a 0% mortality rate.5 The range in mortality rates across all subgroups go from 100% to 0%. However, when looking specifically at the Zaire virus the range is 47% to 100%.5 Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention EBOV is difficult to distinguish early on from other infectious diseases in the area like malaria, typhoid fever and meningitis.30 In order to confirm initial symptoms are caused by EBOV healthcare workers should perform ELISA, antigen-capture detection tests, serum neutralization test, RT-PCR, electron microscopy, or virus isolation by cell culture.30 All samples are an extreme biohazard risk and can only be done under biosafety level (BSL) 4. There are currently only 10 BSL 4 labs in the US and 47 worldwide33, leading to an insufficient resource for testing and research. Current treatment for EBOV is supportive care through re-hydration as well as treatment for specific symptoms. There are currently no vaccines or approved treatment for EBOV, however there are many in development. During a recent outbreak, a US physician was treated with an experimental drug (ZMapp). He eventually went on to give a blood transfusion to another patient with EBOV in hopes of treatment; both recovered well. Evidence suggest that antibody support along with platelets and fluids could provide a key in future treatments. Currently, higher level medical facilities pose better outcomes due to their ability to assist with organ deterioration while the patient is trying to survive the viral infection. Prevention and Control is best achieved through case management, surveillance, contact tracing, good laboratory services, safe burials, and social mobilization.30 By limiting the interaction with wildlife, which are known to be reservoirs of the disease, we can limit the transmission into human hosts. If an individual becomes infected proper quarantine procedures should be put in place to ensure the disease does not spread. Proper quarantine measures include isolating infected patients in medical facilities with only essential personal entering and leaving the patients room. All essential medical personnel should don personal protective equipment (PPE) at all time, which includes a single use gown, respirator with full face shield, 2 pairs of gloves, single use boot covers, and single use apron.34 Educating the population in these endemic areas as to these quarantine procedures, not touching infected animals, and proper burial techniques can vastly improve outcomes during outbreaks.3 0 Weight and Discrimination: Legal Issues Weight and Discrimination: Legal Issues Ther L. Richardson Abstract Discrimination against overweight and obese people has existed for millennia but it is just in recent decades that discrimination against the overweight has been seen as a crime and research has begun in this field. Despite some research going back as far as the 1940’s the majority of research did not start until almost the 1970’s. With the pace that American law is driven there has not been considerable progress made to this point. Current research is being conducted to stem both the lack of progress and make inroads of societal progress. Current understanding and legislation may empower an entire class of world citizens, and change perception of weight discrimination and obesity while leveling the employment and earnings playing field. Weight and Discrimination: Legal Issues in Weight Discrimination According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) between 2009 and 2010 more than 35 percent of adults across the U.S. and Canada were considered obese, (McGuire, 2011, pp. 368-369) based on the BMI. The Body Mass Index or BMI is a scale that assigns a number value that is calculated from a persons weight and height. BMI is used to provide an indicator of body fat ratio or level and is used by the healthcare industry to screen people for weight categories. While the rates of obesity in adults has been slowing over the past decade or so, the world population has become more media centric and the idea of the ideal body type has certainly been affected by the mass media and the influence of Hollywood movies, sports and television. This change in the perception of the ideal body image has almost certainly affected the rates and types of discrimination as well. In the workplace, obese workers are considered lazy, incompetent, and lacking self-control. While women’s wages are lower on average then men’s, obese women’s wages are even more out of proportion. It has also been shown that many human resource representatives do not even know it is illegal to not interview, or decline to hire someone based on their weight. As ideal body image changes to leaner more fit athletic and â€Å"underwear model† looking individuals the more overweight and obese individuals pale in comparison. The contrast effect then sets up and impossible scenario where the obese worker or applicant can never meet the mind’s eye image of the ideal employee. Perception of weight discrimination and obesity Sutin and Terracciano (2013) conducted research on perceived weight discrimination and obesity. They examined whether weight discrimination is associated with risk of becoming obese by follow-up survey among those not obese at baseline, and to test whether weight discrimination is associated with risk of remaining obese at follow-up among those already obese at baseline (Sutin Terracciano, 2013). This research was conducted through both face to face interviews and a survey returned by mail to the Health and Retirement Study, which is a nationally representative longitudinal survey conducted by the University of Michigan. They found that weight discrimination was reported by those that became obese during the time between the baseline and follow-up interviews, for the most part among participants who weren’t obese at the time of the baseline measurements. Those subjects who reported that they experienced discrimination based on their weight were over three times more likely to remain obese at follow-up instead of dropping below the obesity threshold on the Body Mass Index (BMI) than those who did not experience such discrimination. Of the sample that was normal weight at baseline, there was not enough data for the analysis, but of the 14 participants in the normal weight category who reported weight discrimination in their follow-up, none became obese as described by the BMI (Sutin Terracciano, 2013). Sutin and Terracciano (2013) remark that â€Å"body weight is a highly visible, personal characteristic that can evoke strong stereotypes and strong reactions from others,† and easily contribute to stereotyping and discrimination as well. Weight discrimination and harassment are also thought to be associated with behaviors which increase the risk of weight gain, these behaviors include excessive food intake (binge eating) and decreased physical inactivity (Friedman Puhl, 2012, p. 2, 3). Obese persons who feel discriminated against may tend to avoid situations where there weight would make them stand out, for instance going out dancing, and thus gaining the benefit of the exercise that might be gained by that activity. People that feel stigmatized tend to feel less confident and able to engage in physical activity and thus avoid not only exercise, but also social activity that could lead to physical activity and exercise such as line dancing or other forms of social activities like sports, and games. Weight bias can have a significant impact on social, economic, psychological and physical health. Social and economic consequences include social rejection, poor quality of relationships (Friedman Puhl, 2012, p. 2, 3). Current legal protections in the united states and results of litigation Katz and Lavan (2008) conducted research on limited legal protections of obese employees as a class, and lawsuits against employers who took adverse employment actions based on obesity against obese employees and former employees who have begun to prevail in lawsuits against those employers. They analyzed of a random sample of 80 cases to attempt to identify factors that increase an obese plaintiffs likelihood of success and found that an employee in the private sector, particularly a non-professional employee, has a significantly greater likelihood of winning than do others. Additionally, they found that an unemployed individual or an individual filing suit under legislation other than state discrimination laws or the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) has a statistically greater chance of prevailing as well. According to Katz and Lavan (2008), because obesity is often considered a problem wherein the obese individuals are blamed for their own weight, people see obesity as an issue of personal responsibility versus a chronic condition and this may well may have a different impact on public opinions and support for anti-discrimination laws and lawsuits. There are many facets to the discrimination towards obesity that may not even be perceived by those that are being discriminated against. For example, applicants for employment may be judged on their appearance, not just on their qualifications. Rejected candidates may not be aware of weight-related factors (Katz Lavan, 2008). One surprising result that was mentioned was that the discrimination against obesity is contagious. In one study cited by Katz and Lavan, in two experiments, average-weight male job applicants were rated more negatively when seen with an overweight compared to a normal weight female. This shows that the stigmatizati on and discrimination can spread simply due to association. The overweight and more specifically the morbidly obese are often given the blame for their own condition. Another impression that people hold is that of obese people being less tidy or having poor personal hygiene, this often has a lot to do with appearance. Supervisors or management may even react differently to overweight individuals, causing them to treat overweight employees differently on the job than more attractive employees (Katz Lavan, 2008). In addition, the discrimination against obese persons is not limited to the workplace by any means, obese persons are reminded, or are made to feel in everyday encounters with family members, peers, health care providers, and strangers that they deviate from social norms and are inferior to those who are not obese (Katz Lavan, 2008 pg. 3). When it comes to the current legal state, more and more it appears that Title VII (the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, 1964) and the Americans with Disabilities Act, 1990 have not been very useful to litigants either, except in cases where the litigant that is claiming discrimination was morbidly obese. If an individual claimed that they were discriminated against but not because of an actual disability but instead because of their employer’s perception that they had a disability from being overweight when in fact they could perform the jobs assigned without impediment, then that litigant was in fact more likely to win (Katz Lavan, 2008 pg. 3). In addition much discussion on their part about recent litigation and the ADA, Katz and Lavan (2008) stated that courts have generally viewed obesity as a voluntary condition and therefore disqualified it as a disability under ADA. They cite few cases that have held that obesity on its own constitutes a disability (Katz Lavan, 2008 pg. 4). Obesity and obtaining work and fair wages Pagan Dà ¡vila (1997) conducted a study to explore the relationship between obesity, occupational attainment, and earnings using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to investigate the occupational selection of obese individuals. They then estimated the earnings functions that accounted for the occupational attainment of the overweight. Much the same as many other researchers they found that women seemed to pay a steeper penalty than men did as men tended to migrate into employment where their weight did not play as big of a role (Pagan Dà ¡vila, 1997). The authors did not elaborate on these types of employment other than to say service based, although the authors did at one point elude to truck drivers and movers. In all, the reported findings they said did tend to complement the existing body of work. Their research did not seem to bring much new to the table other than the fact that they had some theories on crowding, but it did support previous theory and work mentioned. Because there is very little research so far to review each new item add to the totality of the available data. In addition, they were the only authors that eluded to the use of migration into employment where their weight did not play as big of a role in their earning potential. Research into the efforts to pass new laws Puhl, Heuer Sarda (2010) conducted research assess the public support for potential legislation to prohibit weight-based discrimination against obese individuals in the United States, and to examine whether certain message frames about weight discrimination influence public support. Their participants were randomly assigned to read one of the four paragraphs that framed the topic of weight discrimination in a distinct way (or a control condition with no paragraph). Participants were then asked to indicate their level of support for six anti-discrimination laws. Participants were a national sample of 1114 participants (48% women, 52% men), with a mean age of 44.78 years (Puhl et al., 2011). The results of their study showed that there was some support for laws that would prohibit weight-based discrimination. Gender differences were observed across experimental conditions thus indicating that â€Å"some message frames may increase support for certain laws among women, but not men. Message frames however, had no effect on support for laws with specific provisions to prohibit weight discrimination in the workplace† (Puhl et al., 2011). This suggested that the public held support for those particular legal measures was both consistent and high at approximately 65% of men and 81% of women, regardless of how the issue of weight discrimination was framed to the public (Puhl et al., 2011). Just as most of the articles do, the authors of this article point out that weight discrimination stems from pervasive societal stigma and stereotypes that obese persons are lazy, lacking in self-discipline and are personally at fault for their inability to lose weight, and that unfortunately, weight bias takes a significant toll on emotional and physical health for those who are affected, increasing vulnerability to depression, low self-esteem, poor body image, suicidal behaviors, unhealthy eating patterns, eating disorders and avoidance of physical activity and social exclusion. One interesting comment of note is their mention that recent estimates suggest that the prevalence of weight discrimination in the United States has increased by 66% over the past decade, and is now comparable with prevalence rates of racial discrimination in America (Puhl et al., 2011). Their results have led them to conclude that women express a stronger degree of agreement than men do with idea that ther e should be new laws about weight discrimination and that the government should take a more active and aggressive role to protect overweight people from size/weight discrimination. Discussion Currently, in the United States there are little or no legal protections to prohibit discrimination against an individual based solely on body shape, size, or weight, and employers basically have the right to hire anyone they want without regard to preference to thinner and more attractive applicants. Some employers have even been found to penalize heavy employees in unfair ways. Weight-based discrimination is pervasive around the world and it is damaging and worsens health disparities for obese people, in essence creating a self-fulfilling prophecy (Puhl et al., 2011). There was considerable agreement within the literature, with many studies concluding that weigh based discrimination does exist, it is pervasive, and it is experienced more by women than men (Puhl et al., 2011), (Pagan Dà ¡vila, 1997), and (Katz Lavan, 2008) for example. Many practitioners in the psychological and sociological communities’ believe that it is critical for the public health community to recognize that this type of institutionalized bias is, in fact, both a social injustice, and a public health issue. In addition many of those individuals also feel that it is past due to look long and hard legislatively, at equal protections and definitions of obesity as a syndrome. History has demonstrated that legislation has the power to reduce institutionalized bias against stigmatized groups, thus researchers, advocacy groups and the public health community can help promote protective legislation for overweight and obese persons (Puhl et al., 2011). Public support is going to be key in enacting any weight bias legislation, and the research findings provide a springboard to explore public attitudes toward laws that prohibit discrimination based on weight. Because of women’s potentially increased vulnerability to weight stigmatization as compared to men in nearly all of these studies, over time they are more likely experience unfair treatment because of their weight, and are therefore they are far more supportive of legislation to combat Obesity discrimination. Some researchers such as Puhl et al., 2011, Pagan Dà ¡vila, 1997, and Katz and Lavan, 2008have suggested that women are more vulnerable to weight discrimination than men and may experience weight discrimination at lower levels of body weight than men do. Additionally there are roles and jobs that are typically filled by men that tend to favor some amount of over-weightiness such as movers being able to handle large or bulky items. Conclusion In order to make inroads against this type of discrimination is education of the population, overt intolerance of the discrimination, strong advocacy in support of litigation and legislation, and a public awareness campaign, and some strong rulings to create precedence. Of course almost universally as always, more research is needed. While it is generally accepted that there is weight based discrimination, it is important that there be a solid body of work to bring it to light, and in conjunction with medical research into the causes of obesity it may be possible to determine what the leading factors in obesity, continued obesity, and combating obesity are. In addition research needs to be done into the effects of socialization on obesity. One of the experienced side effects of obesity being anti-social behavior one cannot help but to wonder what if anything would be the overall effect of purposely involving the morbidly obese in social activity that bolstered self-confidence without judgment, possibly without even focusing on weight. References Friedman, R., Puhl, R. (2012). Weight Bias A Social Justice Issue A Policy Brief. 2012 Rudd Report, 2012 Rudd Report (2012), 2, 3. Katz, M., Lavan, H. (2008). Legality of Employer Control of Obesity. Journal of Workplace Rights, 13(1), 59-71. doi:10.2190/WR.13.1.e McGuire, S., Shields M., Carroll M.D., Ogden C.L., (2011). Adult Obesity Prevalence in Canada and the United States. NCHS Data Brief no. 56, Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics, 2011. Advances in Nutrition: An International Review Journal, 2(4), 368-369. Pagà ¡n, J., Dà ¡vila, A. (1997). Obesity, Occupational Attainment, and Earnings. Social Science Quarterly, 78(3), 756 770. Puhl, R., Heuer, C., Sarda, V. (2010). Framing Messages About Weight Discrimination: Impact On Public Support For Legislation. International Journal of Obesity, 35(10), 863 872. Sutin, A. R., Terracciano, A., Newton, R. L. (2013). Perceived Weight Discrimination and Obesity. PLoS ONE, 8(7), e70048.

Cause and Effects of Sleep Deprivation Essay

Cause and Effect Essay There are many people today who figure out there are not enough waking hours in a day to accomplish all that needs to be done. Daily tasks and obligations can take up a lot of time and in order for people to get these things done they cut corners on sleep. One might rationalize that a few hours here and there won’t make any difference, but lack of sleep can make a huge difference on a person’s mental and physical health. Lack of sleep can potentially be very harmful, anyone who gets an average of less than seven hours of sleep could be affected greatly. Not getting enough sleep can increase the chances of getting sick. Extended sleep deprivation has been linked with diminished immune system functions. Researchers have also found a direct connection between people who get less than six hours of sleep appear to have a reduced immune response. A lack of sleep can also increase a person’s risk of developing chronic diseases. Almost 90% of people who suffer from sleep deprivation also suffer from another life threatening health condition. Some of these diseases include: diabetes, heart disease, heart failure, heart attack, and high blood pressure. Not only can sleep damage one physically but it can also damage a person mentally. Sleep is essential to the quick thinking processes that are associated with learning. A lack of sleep can bring down the alertness of the mind and it’s attention span that makes it easier for one to learn and take in information. The shortage of attention can also limit a person’s ability to reason or solve a problem effectively. This means that people who are fatigued cannot learn at an effective level. Even if one can manage to learn a significant amount of information during the day, the person will not be able to remember everything if he or she does not allow their body to g et enough sleep to store all of the information in the long-term area in the brain. Avoiding a lot of deep sleep can damage long-term memory and can also lead to excessive forgetfulness. Skills that have been learned during the day are converted into memories during the night. â€Å"Sharp wave ripples† are brain events used to strengthen memory. This makes things the brain has learned easy to access and recall. These ripples also transfer short-term memory information into the neocortex and the hippocampus where they can become long-term knowledge. This occurs at its strongest rate during the deepest part of a person’s  sleep cycle. If not taken seriously, lack of sleep can cause much damage to the brain and other organs of the body. On average a person should be getting at least 7 hours of sleep per night. Less than seven hours of sleep per night could affect someone mentally and physically. Sleep is more important than one would realize and it is essential for the sound use of the mind, body, and their functions.

Song of a Hummingbird

Sophia Rocha Mike Fraga CHI 100 November 16, 2012 Book Review The novel, Song of the Hummingbird by Graciela Limon, is a book about Huitzitzilin’s encounters during the Spanish conquest and the coming of Cortes. There are many themes in this novel, such as war, religion, culture, sins and the ending of an Era for the Mexicas. But it does not start off of her telling her stories, but of a young monk named Father Benito Lara, who is called to hear her last confession, for she was very old and knew she was near the end of her long journey.Father Benito went to listen to Huitzitzilin everyday for she had much to say about her life and about her culture before and during the Spanish conquest. She told him some sins throughout their conversations, and when she did not talk about their sins, he would write down all that she was saying so he can record her side of what happened during the conquest, for he only heard teachings of how the Spaniards had seen the conquest. The novel start s of in a convent at Coyoacan in 1583.Father Benito is only 27, and Huitzitzilin is 82. As Huitzitzilin starts her story, it is spring in the year 1501 when she was born. She describes her growing up in her tribe and of her traditions and customs. Some of these disturbed the monk because he felt that they were devil worshipers and did not want to hear such chants for he feel the devil will try to pull him in. Huitzitzilin tried to tell him that she was not a devil worshiper, but she has gods of her own that she did worship.He was taught differently of her tribe and did not understand most of the things she had to say, but he still listened for he was fascinated by most of the things she had to say about her life and about her tribe. Graciela Limon is arguing for Huitzitzilin, for the way she wrote this novel explained in detail Huitzitzilin’s journey through all her hardships she had to face during the time of the Spanish conquests. Limon did not suppress how Huitzitzilin loo ked in any way throughout the novel. She wrote the story as f she was Huitzitzilin herself, and just wanted to have her story told. Huitzitzilin’s character had a lot to say about her life and after every conversation she felt better after confessing her sins, for she felt a burden was being lifted of her shoulders. One theme of the novel is religion. Religion is a theme throughout the whole novel, for Father Benito kept referring to God and about his Christianity every time Huitzitzilin talked about her gods of about some of her traditions. â€Å"No! Don’t mention the idols! Father Benito’s voice trembled, betraying the fear the god’s name conjured his mind. â€Å"No? But if you don’t allow me to speak of them, how can I explain the most important part of those events? † The monk was dumbfounded. Yet he had promised Father Anselmo that he would not allow allusion to those demons. He bit his lip in consternation because he couldn’t h elp thinking that it would be equally difficult to speak of his own people without the mention of Jesus Christ. † He kept reminding her that it was a great thing that the Spaniards brought Christianity amongst them.She repeatedly told him that she did not believe in his ways or in God, for she only seeked the forgiveness of Father Benito, not of God. â€Å"Will you forgive me? † â€Å"God forgives all sins if there is contrition. † â€Å"But will you forgive me? † In the end of the novel he understood why she kept asking for his forgiveness, for it was not for mercy or absolution but for understanding of her life. Another theme was sins, for Huitzitzilin confessed sins to Father Benito during her conversations. Her first sin was fornication with Zintle by the lake.But the way she told her sins to him bothered him for she told them in exact detailed of the way she remembered it. Her second sin she told was abortion. She was pregnant with Zintles child and s he went to a healer that knows about some herbs that can get rid of the unborn child. She was not sorry for that sin for her and the priest argued about it. She argued she did that for the sake of her own life, for if her husband to be found out about her fornication, he would have her killed. After hearing what her husband to be, Tetla, did to her the night of their wedding, he began to feel sorry for her.

Mass Media And A Liberal Democratic Society - 1796 Words

What is the proper role of the mass media in a liberal-democratic society? The proper use of mass media in a liberal democratic society means that any political content that is publicized through the means â€Å"mass media† should be truly what it is said or regarded to be; it is required to be genuine. Today, the term â€Å"mass media† is so broad that it is actually â€Å"difficult to capture and define. ‘The media’ is a catch-all term that includes transnational corporations, communication technologies, policy and regulatory frameworks, the practices of journalists, gossip columns, the nightly television news, blockbuster movies, advertisements, business magazines, music radio, the local newspaper and the Internet. The media are businesses and yet they are also ascribed a special function in the democratic health of a society; the media are the news media and function as journalism, but they are also the entertainment media and provide escape from the pressures of everyday life.† Living in a society where mass media is s o prevalent it can be, at times, challenging to distinguish the actual facts from information that is biased or incorrect. Mass media platforms are used as a vital tool to inform a large audience, the general public, on political issues. Saying this, it is important to be able to recognize that unfortunately the media is used both in a proper and ‘improper† way. The media often times can miscue information, may be biased, and even at times erroneous. Being able toShow MoreRelatedThe Case Of Citizens United V. 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